The high-performance, low-power Atmel AVR RISC-based CMOS 8-bit microcontroller combines 16KB ISP flash memory with read-while-write capabilities, 512B EEPROM, 1KB SRAM, 23 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, three flexible timer/counters with compare modes, internal and external interrupts, serial programmable USART, byte-oriented 2-wire serial interface, SPI serial port, 6-channel/10-bit A/D converter (8-channel in TQFP and QFN packages), programmable watchdog timer with internal oscillator, and five software selectable power saving modes. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock-cycle, the device achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz, balancing power consumption and processing speed.